Abstract
This work's objective is to analyse some of the new perspectives of international trade and the industrial delocalization phenomenon. Developed since the beginning of the sixties, these perspectives seek to overcome the limitations of the traditional models, like the technological immutability hypothesis formulated in Ricardo's theory of comparative advantages, and the neo-classic trilogy ¾ two countries, two products, two factors ¾ present in Heckscher-Ohlin-Samuelson's model.
After a brief explanation on international trade traditional determinants, the Leontief paradox will be the study main objective, among a series of theoretical analysis which are usually known as neo-factorial perspective. We will be mainly interested in those theories which use the n working categories disaggregation and the factors specificity as the main explanatory determinants of international trade.
Following this, we will concentrate on a group of theoretical analyses from the classic theory, where the technological gap and the product life-cycle theory have a major role, that is, we will work on the neo-technological perspective seeking to establish the boundaries of today's international trade flows.
To conclude the dominant conceptual frame analysis on today's explanatory models on international trade, we will study the importance of intra-industry trade in the global trade structure.
Finally, due to the growing importance of unemployment and income inequality existing today, we will conduct a thorough exam on industrial delocalization, trying to evaluate the influence of international trade between Northern countries and low wage countries on the employment structure, specially on unskilled labour. We will also try to show that this new international trade reality demands that the globalization of the economy be followed by extremely active policies on the labour market.
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